Linux System Administration

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Managing Unix File Systems

Rescue and Recovery Using Boot Disks:

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Boot disks are often used for system recovery in case of failure. Common use cases include:

System Rescue: Booting from a Live CD/USB allows you to access a minimal environment to fix problems on the system’s disk (e.g., corrupted filesystems, broken bootloaders).

Example:

Use a rescue mode from a Linux bootable USB.
Repair a corrupted filesystem using fsck:

sudo fsck /dev/sda1

Reinstalling the Bootloader: If the bootloader (GRUB) is corrupted, you can boot from a Live USB, then reinstall GRUB:

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
sudo chroot /mnt
grub-install /dev/sda
update-grub
exit
sudo umount /mnt

Backing Up Data: Before attempting repairs, you can boot from a Live USB and use tools like rsync to back up data from the mounted partitions to an external drive.